Anogenital distance as a measure of human male fertility

Anogenital distance in human male and female newborns: a descriptive, cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND In animal studies of the effects of hormonally active agents, measurement of anogenital distance (AGD) is now routine, and serves as a bioassay of fetal androgen action. Although measurement of AGD in humans has been discussed in the literature, to our knowledge it has been measured formally in only two descriptive studies of females. Because AGD has been an easy-to-measure, sensitiv...

Dizygotic twinning as a measure of human fertility.

There is widespread concern about a possible decline in human fertility in recent decades. The spontaneous dizygotic twinning rate provides a way of measuring a combination of male plus female fertility as it reflects the frequency of double ovulation, the probability of fertilization, and the survival of the zygote. There was a decline in dizygotic twinning rates in developed countries which b...

Revision of a fuzzy distance measure

Degree of Optimality as a Measure of Distance of Power System Operation from Optimal Operation

This paper presents an algorithm based on inter-solutions of having scheduled electricity generation resources and the fuzzy logic as a sublimation tool of outcomes obtained from the schedule inter-solutions. The goal of the algorithm is to bridge the conflicts between minimal cost and other aspects of generation. In the past, the optimal scheduling of electricity generation resources has been ...

Anogenital distance in human male and female newborns: A look at a cross section of a Nigerian population

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the newborn children at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and Braithwaite Memorial Hospital all in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The study included 139 newborn infants (80 males and 59 females), born at term, with no congenital defects. Birth weight, length, and anogenital distance AGD, were made with tape by two independent ob...